13 page speed ranking factors

Optimum page speed is a must for a good user experience. This article explores understanding page speed metrics and steps to achieve page speed optimization

Page speed

Market research has shown that most users will abandon a site that does not load within 3 seconds, implying that unoptimized site for page speed will result in loss of customer traffic and revenue. Customers typically want quick loading page, fast to respond to inputs, smooth and natural transitions, free of lag and jerks

Page speed factors (13)

Below table lists 13 page speed factors in a comprehensive way
Some factors may not be applicable in all situations (marked with *)

Page speed factors explained

Javascript (JS)
Plugins sometimes have lots of features which are not needed but get loaded anyway with js and css
There is a tradeoff between Price — Convenience — Performance
Remove unused and excessive js by dequeuing
Defer or minimize / minify js


CSS
Remove unused css, fonts
Defer or minimize css, fonts


Plugins
Remove unused plugins
Reduce excessive plugins
Switch to custom script


Text / Images
Text / html — deflate / gzip
Images — use compression, lazy load


CDN (Content Delivery Network)
CDN reduces absolute latency (FTTB). Intrinsic page loading delays is not related to CDN
CDN not required in all cases
Review requirements (Video, Webpage, JS , traffic ..) and choose apppropriate CDN as required


Cache / Swap
Caching is needed to reduce executing PHP + SQL for same pages again and again, wasting resources and adding delay
Browser caching is a client side caching technique
Opcode / PHP Cache — Caching engines such as Zend / opcache stores precompiled script bytecode in the memory
Page caching (Plugin cache) apps generates a static html file and store directly on disk


Footer / Header
Some website have long Footer with plugins inserted js code which can be trimmed / deflated


Database
Optimize manually or with plugins
Seperate database by functions — ecommerce, blogs, pages (not required in all cases)
Use Database Cache (not required in all cases)
Alternative — Static pages


Hosted apps
Check performance of applications/plugins/scripts running on top and optimize


Hosting platform
Shared / VPS / Dedicated
Check reviews, benchmarks, datacenter locations ..
All platforms and VPS are not same — avoid noisy neighbours ..
Check sizing parameters — swap, memory, disk I/O, phpinfo ..


DNS
use DNS prefetch (not required in all situations)


SQL
Optimize sql queries


Page redirect / errors
Minimize redirects (3xx)
Avoid errors — 404 (Not Found), 403 (Forbidden), 401 (Unauthorized), Syntax related

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